Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence by machines

Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence by machines, particularly computer systems, allowing them to perform tasks that typically require human cognitive abilities. These tasks include learning from experience (through machine learning), reasoning, problem-solving, understanding natural language, recognising patterns (such as in images or speech), and making decisions. Engineers design AI systems to function autonomously, allowing them to adapt and improve over time without constant human oversight.

AI is broadly classified into two main types: Narrow Artificial Intelligence (or Weak AI) and General Artificial Intelligence (or Strong AI).

Engineers specifically design Narrow AI to perform well-defined tasks such as facial recognition, language translation, and driving a car. Most AI applications in use today fall under this category. Examples include virtual assistants like Siri or Alexa, recommendation algorithms used by streaming services, and self-driving cars. These systems operate within a limited context and excel at their specific tasks but do not possess the capability to perform tasks outside of their defined scope.

General AI, on the other hand, refers to a more advanced form of artificial intelligence, where machines would possess the ability to understand, learn, and apply intelligence across a wide range of activities, mimicking human cognitive abilities. General AI could perform any intellectual task that a human being can do. However, General AI remains theoretical and has not been achieved yet.

AI is revolutionising industries such as manufacturing, healthcare, finance, and entertainment by making systems more intelligent and capable of performing complex tasks with minimal human intervention. This leads to increased efficiency, automation, and the ability to process vast amounts of data, ultimately transforming how businesses and services operate globally.